時(shí)間：2022-10-18 01:43:19
序論：速發(fā)表網(wǎng)結(jié)合其深厚的文秘經(jīng)驗(yàn)，特別為您篩選了11篇英語感謝信范文。如果您需要更多原創(chuàng)資料，歡迎隨時(shí)與我們的客服老師聯(lián)系，希望您能從中汲取靈感和知識！
③ Thank you for your generous hospitality.
④ It was really exciting to get your New Year＇s card!
⑤ I＇m sincerely grateful for all your help in finding me a place.
⑥Your note of congratulations is deeply appreciated.
表示感謝—>說明事由—>再次表示真誠感謝
感謝信在寫作中需要注意的是：表達(dá)的感激之情要恰到好處，不要草率，也不要過于夸張。言辭應(yīng)真摯、得體。建議在結(jié)尾盡量表達(dá)希望回報(bào)對方的愿望，顯得更加真誠。
【模板句型】：
第一步：表示感謝
thank you so much for …
i warmly appreciate your hospitality.
i am writing to express my thanks for …
i am writing to extend my sincere gratitude/appreciation for …
i would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for …
第二步：說明事由
thank you very much for the gift you sent me. it’s one of the most wonderful gifts i got on my birthday.
i am writing this letter to thank you for your warm hospitality accorded to me and my delegation during our recent visit to your beautiful country. i would also like to thank you for your interesting discussion with me which i have found very informative and useful.
第三步：再次表示感謝
thanks again.
Your Name
Your Address Name Your City, State, Zip Code Title Your Phone Number Organization Your Email Address Date (右上角) City, State, Zip Code
Dear First Name, (or Mr./Ms. Last Name if you don’t know them well)
Thank you for all the help you have given me with my job search. I especially appreciate the information and advice you have provided, and the contacts you have shared with me.
Your assistance has been invaluable to me during this process. Again, thank you so much. I greatly appreciate your generosity. Best Regards,
Yours sincerely, (signature)
英文感謝信模板
A Letter To My Parents
Dear Mom and Dad,
I love you! I love you so much! I love you with all my heart! This letter to you is to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart.
Thank you so much for bringing up! Thank you so much for raising me. I know how hard you’ve worked during the past years. I can image how many difficulties and obstacles you’ve conquered. I can imagine all the problems you have faced and all the sweat and tears you have shed to make my life better. I can fully understand what a huge responsibility it is to raise a child. You’ve been very patient with me. You’ve encouraged me and you’ve helped me. You’ve tried your hardest to give me the best things in life. You’ve made a lot of sacrifices and many difficult choices. I also know that you have great expectations of me. You want me to be very successful and happy. You want me to be the best person I can be. You want me to do great things with my life. You want me to make the world a better place. I know you have so many so many hopes and dreams for my future.
Today I want to tell you something extremely important.
Today I want to tell you that you don't need to worry about me any more. I'm grown up! I will be responsible for my life and for my future. I will study very hard. I will exercise everyday to keep fit. I will read English every morning and every night. I will make the best use of every spare minute. I will be happy, confident, positive and energetic everyday!! I will develop good habits and use them to constantly improve myself. I will never do anything that would harm my body or my mind. I will never do anything that would make you feel disappointed or ashamed. I will learn as much as I can and become smarter and stronger every day. I have learned by watching you that the best way to reach my goals is to work hard and never give up. You’re my best role models. You set a great example for me.
I have so many great dreams. I know that realizing these dreams will take a lot of time and effort. But don't worry about me. I have strong confidence in myself. I know if I keep trying, keep working hard and keep dreaming, I will definitely realize all my dreams. I will be somebody special. But I will not only care about myself. I will contribute to my school, my hometown and my country. I will contribute to society. I will use all my abilities and talents to help my family and my country have a glorious future. I will make a difference in this world.
Dear Mom and Dad, you’ll be proud of me! You will see great results from all your hard work and sacrifice. Thank you very much for your continued support! Thank you very much for your patience, love and understanding. I love you! I appreciate you! I’m very proud of you!
Exercise every day to keep healthy! Enjoy life every day and stay happy! My only hope for you is you both to enjoy continued health and happiness. You brought me into this word to share your life. I will do my best to make sure each day of it is filled with joy and pride.
Mom and Dad, you are the best parents in the world! I don’t know what I would have done without you.
All My Everlasting Love,
Your Son /Daughter
給爸爸媽媽的一封信
親愛的爸爸媽媽：
我愛你們!我是多么的愛你們啊!我全心全意去愛你們!給你們寫這封信是想告訴你們我內(nèi)心深處的真實(shí)感受。
感謝你們撫養(yǎng)我長大，感激你們的哺育之恩，我清楚地在過去的這么多年來，你們多么辛苦的工作。我能想象你們克服了多少困難與艱辛，也能想象這些年來你們所面對的問題，還有你們?yōu)槲业纳钭兊酶用篮枚鵀⑾碌臒釡I與汗水!我能深刻理解，撫養(yǎng)一個(gè)小孩是多么巨大的責(zé)任。你們對我非常耐心。你們一直在鼓勵(lì)與幫助我。你們盡最大的努力為我提供生活中最好的東西。你們做出了許許多多的犧牲，也做過很多困難的抉擇。我也知道你們對我有殷勤的期望。你們希望我成功并快樂，你們希望我成為最好的人，你們希望我能用生命去做偉大的事情，你們想我能將這個(gè)世界變得更加美好。我知道你們對我的未來有許多希望和夢想。
今天我要告訴你們一件極其重要的事。
今天我想跟你們說不需要再為我擔(dān)心了。我已經(jīng)長大成人。我會(huì)為我的人生和未來負(fù)責(zé)的。我會(huì)用功讀書。我會(huì)每天鍛煉身體，保持良好心態(tài)。每個(gè)清晨與夜晚我都會(huì)讀英語。我會(huì)充分利用閑暇的每一分鐘。我每天都會(huì)快樂、自信、積極向上并且精力充沛!我會(huì)養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，并且利用它們不斷完善自己。我不會(huì)做任何有傷身心的事情。我不會(huì)做任何讓你們失望或感到羞恥的事情。我會(huì)盡量的多學(xué)習(xí)，每天變得更聰明、更強(qiáng)壯一點(diǎn)。在你們身上我看到要達(dá)成目標(biāo)的最好的辦法是刻苦，并且永不放棄。你們是我最好的人生楷模，為我樹立了一好榜樣。
我有許多偉大的夢想。我知道要實(shí)現(xiàn)這些夢想要花很多時(shí)間與精力。不過不要為我擔(dān)心，因?yàn)槲覍ψ约河袕?qiáng)烈的自信心。我知道只要我一直堅(jiān)持不懈，敢想敢拼，一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)我所有的夢想。我會(huì)成為不平凡的人，不過我不會(huì)只關(guān)心自己，我會(huì)為學(xué)校、為家鄉(xiāng)、為祖國做出貢獻(xiàn)。我會(huì)回報(bào)社會(huì)。我將用自己的聰明才智讓我們的家及我們的祖國擁有一個(gè)光輝的未來。我會(huì)在這個(gè)世上作出點(diǎn)成就來。
親愛的爸爸媽媽，你們將會(huì)為我自豪的。你們將會(huì)看你們所有的辛苦與犧牲都是有好的結(jié)果的。非常感謝你們一直以來的支持!感謝你們對我付出的耐心、關(guān)愛與理解。我愛你們!我感激你們!我為你們而自豪。
每天堅(jiān)持鍛煉保持身體健康。享受生活，快樂每一天!對你們的唯一希望是希望你們能保持健康與幸福。是你們把我?guī)磉@個(gè)世界上，來分享你們的生活。我會(huì)盡力保證每一天你們的生活都是充滿快樂與驕傲。爸爸媽媽，你們是世界上最好的父母!真不知道如果沒有你們，我會(huì)怎么樣。
永遠(yuǎn)愛你們的女兒、兒子
以上是英文感謝信的模板套話，都是感謝信，英文感謝信的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)和語言表達(dá)和中文的是一樣的，下面可以查看：
感謝信模板范文
以及英文感謝信開頭和結(jié)尾的常用句式：
感謝信開頭段常用句式和套話
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for... I am writing to express my thanks for...
I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for... I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...
I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don't know how to thank you enough for your help.
感謝信結(jié)尾段常用句式和套話
I must thank you again for your generous help.
I am most grateful for your selfless donation.
英語資源網(wǎng)權(quán)威2016年6月英語四級寫作應(yīng)用文模板：感謝信，更多2016年6月英語四級寫作應(yīng)用文模板相關(guān)信息請?jiān)L問英語資源網(wǎng)。 Dear_________,
I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for___________.Had it not been for your assistance in ___________,I fear that ___________may not have____________.I’d like you to know that your help __________.It not only____________,but also__________.I shall always remember__________.
I hope that I will have the opportunity of returning your hospitality by inviting you to ______.Will you kindly let me know whether you____________?I am looking forward to seeing you soon!
Again,I would like to express my thanks to .Please accept my appreciatin and pass my best wishes on to ____________.I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
面試官您好：
it was great meeting you today, and i appreciate you taking the time to interview me. i'm excited to be considered for the (name the position) as well as all of the opportunities the company presents. i had a good time discussing my [en]passion
of (insert what you're passionate about) and really enjoyed learning more about (insert what new tidbit you learned about the company).
今天能見到您很高興，而且我非常感謝您能抽空面試我。對于能得到公司這次機(jī)會(huì)面試xx職位我非常高興。在這次面試中，我得以展現(xiàn)對xx的熱愛(填上你感興趣的事物)而且了解了很多公司的xxxx(寫上對公司有了什么了解)。
thank you for your consideration, and i look forward to following up with you.
謝謝您的關(guān)照，我很期待能繼續(xù)與您聯(lián)系。
best regards
致上最好的問候
interviewee
面試者
面試后的英文感謝信范文
thank you for interview i
dear (boss's name),
i appreciated the opportunity to meet with you yesterday about the position of (job title) with (company name).
i really enjoyed meeting with members of the office and learning about the job. the entire team certainly seem to be highly skilled and motivated and the work itself seems as rewarding as it is challenging. from our discussion,i gained a strong sense of (company name)'s commitment to their clients and their employees. i also enjoyed our discussion of my opportunities and future within the firm.
Im glad to be your student, and I am very happy to learn the course I like best under your help.
English is an important tool, through which we can share it with the world. I treasure the chance of learning English, and I enjoy the happiness from this course.
This Thursday is Thanksgiving Day. On this special day, I want to express my deepest thanks to you!
Yours sincerely,
LI
感謝信老師英語范文二Dear teacher ,
I am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning English and speaking English.
During these days in your class, I have learned much from you and it is very helpful to me. Firstly, you let me know what is the west thinking patternstraight thinking pattern. And, I think, it is very important to understand the wests thoughts. As you know, this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. Secondly, I have got enough confidence in speaking in English from your class and it took me a long time to gain this confidence.
Now, I always express my ideas in English as possible as I can. Its great to do that. The last not the least, I find that learning English is not an boring thing as before and Im interested in studying English which was just a necessary task to pass examinations. Reading, listening or speaking all become interesting and I really enjoy it.
Above all, I want to say thanks again to you. And thank you for your time. Good luck.
Susi
感謝信老師英語范文三Our Teacher of English
dear mr ling,
what i want to write is thank you .. i am now a freshman of wuhan university, which i have been dreaming about. mr li, i still remember the days when you taught me english. my english has been improved greatly because of your creative work. however, at one time, the pressure of examinations, too much homework and the high expectations made me depressed. i was tired of the warning that if i didn't do my best, i wouldn't have the chance to go to college. thanks for your encouragement; if not, i wouldn't have realized my dream. and now i really understand you. i wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. are you still so busy? how i miss you!
i 'm looking forwark to hearing from you soon.
yours sincerely,
tagar
Tips:
表達(dá)的感激之情要恰到好處，不要過于夸張。
建議在結(jié)尾盡量表達(dá)希望回報(bào)對方的愿望，顯得更加真誠。
Directions:
You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S. Write a letter to your host family in New York to express your gratitude for their hospitality, describe the help they gave you, offer to repay their help and invite them to visit you.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address.
范文：
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,
I am now back to China safe and sound. In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindness and hospitality to host me when I was in New York. Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory.
I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your friendship. I assure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.
I feel obliged to thank you once more.
Love,
Li Ming
譯文：
親愛的史密斯先生和夫人：
我現(xiàn)在安全健康地回到了中國。通過這封信，我想表達(dá)我對于您二位和你們可愛的孩子們衷心的感謝，感謝您對我紐約之行的熱情招待。你們的慷慨和對我的關(guān)心使我此行更加愉快，而我的第一次美國之行也因此變成了美好的回憶。
我非常希望你們能在將來訪問中國，讓我有機(jī)會(huì)回報(bào)你們的友誼，我保證你們會(huì)像我在紐約那樣度過一個(gè)愉快的時(shí)光。
首段：開篇語的黃金句式
1.I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for the continuous assistance you offered to me these years.
2.I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to you for your unselfish love shown to me during my preparation of College Entrance Examination.
3. I am writing to express my appreciation for the generous help you rendered to me since I entered this university.
中間段：具體感謝內(nèi)容表述的黃金句式
1.On the one hand, your generous help made it possible that I can gain a splendid academic achievement in my study career. It is because of your encouragement that now I can study in one of the leading universities of our country, and serve as chairman of Student Union.
2.On the other hand, with your help, I could get along well with my friends and have good cooperation with other members during work.
3.I will always remember your kindness and painstaking labor. Besides, It is really an honor for me to be your sister and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go.
4.You give me emotional security, care and love and support my study, which is part and parcel for my school days.
5.Without your assistance and care, I can not make good performance definitely. I take this opportunity to express our deep appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.
6. Your generous help made it possible that I pass my college entrance examination and obtain the good result. I will cherish the good will and family affection you showed me.
7. Your encouragement is my best drving force. Please accept my most cordial thanks for your best love, which I will always remember.
8. On the one hand, it is because of your encouragement and continuous assistance that now I have obtained a splendid academic achievement in my study career, and serve as chairman of Student Union.
9. On the other hand, with your help, I could get along well with classmates and have good cooperation with other members during work.
10. I will always remember your kindness and painstaking labor. It is really an honor to be your student, and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go.
尾段：結(jié)束語的黃金句式
1.In a word, my appreciation to you is beyond words.
2.In the years to come, I will make more effort to repay your kindness and refresh our family affection.
3.Thank you from the bottom of my heart for your kind assistance.
4.In a word, my heartfelt gratitude to you is beyond words. In the years to come, I will study harder to repay your kindness and make more progress.
讓學(xué)生“感悟”美好的景色，陶冶他們的情操，使他們的靈魂得到洗禮，思想得到升華。這是一切“感悟”的基礎(chǔ)，最重要的“感悟”是“感悟”大自然、“感悟”家鄉(xiāng)之美。日出日落，春風(fēng)秋雨，鮮花朝露，落葉嚴(yán)霜，行云流水，游魚飛燕，――這些都是美的，讓學(xué)生走進(jìn)其中，必然感慨萬千，“感悟”深刻，則激情滿懷。例如，在仲春時(shí)節(jié)，我?guī)ьI(lǐng)學(xué)生們?nèi)ヌで?，并且要求他們把看到的、想到的寫下來，回來后相互交流。通過交流，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生們寫作激情很高，寫得很好，有一個(gè)學(xué)生寫到：“鮮紅的太陽在家鄉(xiāng)的大平原上升起，照耀著大平原上一望無際的綠油油的麥田。小燕子在麥田上穿梭，農(nóng)民在田里勞動(dòng)。河水清清，倒映著藍(lán)天、白云，輕輕流向遠(yuǎn)方?？諝馇逍?，微風(fēng)徐徐，吹拂著我們的臉龐，??！我的家鄉(xiāng)真美?！蓖ㄟ^這樣的主動(dòng)“感悟”，能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確的人生觀、世界觀，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生樹立遠(yuǎn)大而正確的人生理想，積極的人生態(tài)度，熱愛家鄉(xiāng)，熱愛大自然，熱愛這個(gè)美好的世界，為以后“感悟”社會(huì)打下思想基礎(chǔ)。
二、“感悟”生活，豐富寫作材料。
許多同學(xué)抱怨缺少寫作素材和題材。遇到寫“挫折”的內(nèi)容，就是某次考試失利，成績不好“無顏見爹娘”，結(jié)果在父母的耐心勸導(dǎo)下或是在某個(gè)故事的啟發(fā)下，重拾信心等等，這樣老舊的材料連學(xué)生自己都感覺“沒意思”。其實(shí)，生活是多姿多彩的，是我們寫作取之不盡、用之不竭的源泉。一些看起來平平常常的生活現(xiàn)象，卻蘊(yùn)涵許許多多閃光的東西。只要我們有一雙“火眼金睛”，有一顆公平、善良、正直之心，就一定會(huì)有所發(fā)現(xiàn)，有所“感悟”。學(xué)生的生活，可以粗略地分為三個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的版塊，家庭生活、學(xué)校生活、社會(huì)生活。應(yīng)當(dāng)讓學(xué)生從“感悟”家庭生活入手，讓他們真心的去看爸爸襯衣上斑駁的汗?jié)n，真心的去看母親頭上那星星的白發(fā)，“感悟”父母的辛勞，感受悠悠慈母情，濃濃嚴(yán)父愛，進(jìn)而讓學(xué)生懷“感恩”之心去留心觀察學(xué)校生活、社會(huì)生活，去發(fā)現(xiàn)、去捕捉那一幕幕激動(dòng)人心的瞬間。
三、“感悟”真情，激發(fā)寫作感情。
文章是情感的產(chǎn)物，“情動(dòng)于衷而發(fā)于外”，只有作者首先被外物所感，被徹底打動(dòng)，才有可能寫出動(dòng)人的東西。情感是作文的源頭活水，離開了鮮活的情感之源，文章就會(huì)顯得死板呆滯，毫無生氣。因此，在作文教學(xué)中，我們要始終堅(jiān)持這樣的理念：關(guān)注學(xué)生感情的醞釀，讓學(xué)生的心靈在感動(dòng)的天地中徜徉，才能編出燦爛的云錦，吐出光輝的火焰。學(xué)生作文需要熱情，而這種熱情的培養(yǎng)很大程度上取決于教師，因此，寫作前讓學(xué)生“感悟”真情，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作情懷，激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作情感，讓他們達(dá)到一種“不吐不快”的程度，那么他們在文章中一定能任意宣泄自己的情感，做到情透紙背。這對于每一個(gè)教師來說，既是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，更是一項(xiàng)技術(shù)。
[中圖分類號] G642 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼] A [文章編號] 1008-2549（2017） 06-0092-02
一 認(rèn)知隱喻理論
認(rèn)知語言學(xué)起源于20世紀(jì)70年代，基于人類對世界的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對世界的感知和概念化。第一屆認(rèn)知語言學(xué)大會(huì)于1989年在德國杜伊斯堡召開，成立了國際認(rèn)知語言學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)，繼而推出《認(rèn)知語言學(xué)》雜志。認(rèn)知隱喻理論是認(rèn)知語言學(xué)中重要的理論組成部分。以亞里士多德為代表的傳統(tǒng)的隱喻認(rèn)為：“將屬于一事物的名稱用來指另一事物”。也就是說，隱喻是兩個(gè)概念的對比，是一個(gè)概念識解另外一個(gè)概念。Lakoff和Johnson（1980）在《我們賴以生存的隱喻》一書中說道，隱喻是由一個(gè)相對清晰的隱喻的始源域和一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相對模糊的目標(biāo)域構(gòu)成，通過始源域作為本體，目標(biāo)域作為喻體，將始源域的圖式結(jié)構(gòu)映射到目標(biāo)域之上。例如：Mark Twain is a mirror of America。即馬克吐溫是美國的一面鏡子。此句中“馬克吐溫”是目標(biāo)域，“鏡子”是源域，其中目標(biāo)域“馬克吐溫”是以源域“鏡子”來識解的。
二 《新視野大學(xué)英語》讀寫教程中的情感隱喻
《新視野大學(xué)英語》（第三版）是為通用英語階段設(shè)計(jì)的系列教材。該教材認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)了《國家中長期教育改革和發(fā)展綱要（2010-2020）》和《關(guān)于全面提高高等教育質(zhì)量的若干意見》的精神，在課程性質(zhì)上體現(xiàn)工具性與人文性的有機(jī)結(jié)合，在教學(xué)目標(biāo)上體現(xiàn)個(gè)性化教學(xué)需求，在教學(xué)理念上體現(xiàn)“以教師為主導(dǎo)，以學(xué)生為主體”，在教學(xué)手段上體現(xiàn)教學(xué)的立體化，個(gè)性化和便攜性。該教材的選材富有時(shí)代氣息，體現(xiàn)思辨性和人文性，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語言能力和跨文化能力。除了基本的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，課文更是以語言學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)作為強(qiáng)大依托，各種例句比比皆是。本文主要以語言學(xué)中的隱喻理論作為理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行研究分析。
三 《新視野大學(xué)英語》讀寫教程中的隱喻功能探析
Lakoff和Johnson（1980）把隱喻分為實(shí)體隱喻，結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻和方位隱喻三類。
（一）實(shí)體隱喻
人類對物體的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為其將抽象的概念表達(dá)提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，因此派生出了實(shí)體隱喻。實(shí)體隱喻是指人類以自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)和生理體驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)，把事件，行為，情感，思想等抽象概念轉(zhuǎn)換為實(shí)體。以漲價(jià)經(jīng)驗(yàn)為例，這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以通過“通貨膨脹”隱喻為實(shí)體。例如：Inflation is lowering our standard of living. 通貨膨脹降低了我們的生活水平。而在《新視野大學(xué)英語》第三冊第四單元的課文《令人驚奇的旅行目的》中，作者則以travel這個(gè)抽象概念為中心詞，做出了一系列的實(shí)體隱喻。
Why do we travel？ I don’t mind the actual flying， the wonder of being airborne in a dense metal bird. The rest of the journey， however， can feel like a tedious lesson in the ills of modernity from the predawn x-ray screening to the sad airport malls selling clusters of keepsakes. （B3U4）
文中travel的經(jīng)歷，通過actual flying（實(shí)際的飛行），being airborne in a dense metal bird（乘坐一個(gè)金屬大鳥中飛行），tedious lesson（冗長乏味的課）等實(shí)體隱喻將旅行過程中的實(shí)際感受用生活中的其他情感體驗(yàn)和生理體驗(yàn)表達(dá)出來，以便讓讀者更好的領(lǐng)悟到在作者的筆下，旅行是一個(gè)很煎熬且痛苦的過程，甚至我們可以從筆者的角度去理解它，消化它，以便更好地對文章其他內(nèi)容進(jìn)行理解融合。
（二）結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻
結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻的重要作用在于它的指向性，給我們根據(jù)一個(gè)概念構(gòu)造另外一個(gè)相關(guān)概念的可能性。我們對Argument is war（爭論是戰(zhàn)爭）這個(gè)例子耳熟能詳。這個(gè)隱喻可以引發(fā)He attacked my argument（他向我的論點(diǎn)發(fā)起進(jìn)攻）等類似將爭論比作戰(zhàn)場上的戰(zhàn)爭的表達(dá)。在《新視野大學(xué)英語》第二冊第一單元的課文《一堂印象深刻的英語課》中，通過對Language is a road map（語言是地圖）結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻的巧妙使用使得人們更直觀的理解Z言學(xué)習(xí)和過程和其重要組成部分。
1 Perhaps language should be looked upon as a road map and a valuable possession： often study the road map （check grammar） and tune up the car engine （adjust vocabulary）. （B2U1）
2 Learning grammar and a good vocabulary is just like driving with a road map in a well-conditioned car. （B2U1）
3 The vocabulary makes the journey’s true colors come alive. （B2U1）
將語言Language比作地圖Road map，由此引出的結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻框架下，將檢查鞏固語法check grammar比作查看地圖look at the road map，詞匯vocabulary比作汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)car engine，而提升詞匯adjust vocabulary則比作調(diào)節(jié)汽車引擎tune up car engine。所以有著良好的語法知識和詞匯庫就好比隨身攜帶一張地圖在車況良好的車?yán)锺{駛。作者通過對結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻的恰當(dāng)使用，巧妙地將語言學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)比作一系列人們?nèi)粘Ｖ性偈煜げ贿^的事物，使得讀者更具體更直觀的感受到了語言學(xué)習(xí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)以及學(xué)好語法和詞匯的重要性，為我們對語言習(xí)得過程的理解提供了一條有效且生動(dòng)的途徑。
（三）方位隱喻
方位隱喻又叫做空間方位，它是參照空間方位而組建的隱喻概念?？臻g方位來源于人們將自身為參照物，最基本的概念：上―下，前―后，中心―邊緣等。方位隱喻基于人類身體和文化的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。例如：“多是向上”。這句隱喻基于物質(zhì)數(shù)量的增加和物質(zhì)水平的增加兩種經(jīng)驗(yàn)。其中最為常用的則是情感表達(dá)中的“高興為上，悲傷為下”類似的表達(dá)方式反映了上―下圖示。其認(rèn)知基礎(chǔ)是人的身體經(jīng)驗(yàn)。由于人類的身體是直立的，向上的姿勢往往與正面情緒相關(guān)，而向下往往與負(fù)面的精神狀態(tài)聯(lián)系。例如up形容自信和喜悅，down形容情緒低落和失望。
1 I ascended not only from the sea onto the secure rocks of the jetty---but also to my salvation， leaving behind the terrible fear that had gripped me for so long.（B3U2）
2 She turned down three million dollars to pen her autobiography and instead accepted one dollar a year in the more conscientious role as diplomat for UNICEF. （B3U3）
3 In 1992， Audrey was stricken by cancer. （B3U3）
在上述例子中， 第一句中ascend原意表示“上升，升起”，這里實(shí)際代表的是作者個(gè)人情感的升華。第二句中的turn down中down為“向下”，表示拒絕。第三句中strick原意為“打，擊”，是朝下的動(dòng)作，句中意為”患病”。在教學(xué)過程中，可傳授學(xué)生此類隱喻原理，幫助學(xué)生理解并掌握此類詞語在實(shí)際語境中的意思和用法。
四 隱喻功能的課堂教學(xué)啟示
隱喻功能是認(rèn)知語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域一個(gè)重要的理論組成，它可以更好地幫助人類通過認(rèn)知和推理將已知的、具體的概念域投射到新認(rèn)識的、抽象的概念域，由中心意義向邊緣意義擴(kuò)展，從而使詞匯之間產(chǎn)生內(nèi)在的隱喻性聯(lián)系。因此在大學(xué)英語課堂教學(xué)中，教師通過隱喻功能的導(dǎo)入達(dá)到以下三個(gè)層面的作用：首先可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生，結(jié)合隱喻原理來理解詞匯的具體義項(xiàng)與抽象義項(xiàng)之間的聯(lián)系，了解詞義的發(fā)展規(guī)律，擴(kuò)大詞匯量，提高閱讀能力；其次，通過對局部詞匯和句式的隱喻功能研究加強(qiáng)對文章主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)的理解和滲透；第三，通過對隱喻功能在中英語表達(dá)中的使用作為幫助學(xué)生理解中西方文化差異的有效途徑，有的放矢，中西貫通，為學(xué)生理解西方文化打下夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
綜上所述，隱喻是大學(xué)英語課本中必須掌握的一種語言修辭格，教師應(yīng)把隱喻基本理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)際英語教學(xué)中，幫助學(xué)生把握隱喻，展開聯(lián)想，掌握課文中出現(xiàn)的各種類隱喻的真正含x，縮小中西文化差異，融會(huì)貫通，開闊視野，提高英語語言文化水平。
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]Lakoff， G.&M. Johnson. Metaphors We Live By [M]. Chicago： The University of Chicago Press， 1980.
[2]Jakobson R. Closing Statement： Linguistics and Poetics[J]. Style in Language， 1960， 1（2）：53C56.
